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Tones are the Funny yes I’m old but I saw 1988 1989 san francisco 49ers back to back super bowl champions shirt but I will buy this shirt and I will love this biggest difference among these two languages, but they also vary a lot between dialects of Thai. Both languages have tones, just like Chinese or Vietnamese do. Thai has 5 tones: mid, low, falling, high, rising. Lao has 6 tones: mid, low-falling, high-falling, high, low-rising, rising. The tones often do not correspond to each other. Often, for instance, if Thai has a high tone, Lao has a mid tone, and vice versa. And there is also no 1:1 conversion between Thai tones and Lao tones, because the tones greatly depend on the syllable structure of the word. To determine the tone of words in both languages, you have to know quite a lot about the consonant classes, about the syllable structure (if it’s long or short, if it ends in a stop consonant or not etc.), and there are tone marks that change the tone as well. If you know these things, you just have to remember these tables:
There you can determine the Funny yes I’m old but I saw 1988 1989 san francisco 49ers back to back super bowl champions shirt but I will buy this shirt and I will love this tone. I won’t go into detail on how to read this table, but you can see that in the positions of the Thai tones you usually have different tones in Lao. The “high”, “mid” and “low” refer not to tones, but to names of consonant classes. So you also have to remember the class for each consonant of those languages. Phew. The grammar of these two languages are almost the same, no big differences in syntax or morphology. Actually, there isn’t much morphology to speak of. Both languages are highly isolating, which means, words themselves do not change, they are only added up one after another to form meanings. No conjugation, no declension, no cases, no gender, no number. If I write grammar Thai use word English, then look maybe similar this. Oh, actually, one small difference: Thai uses politeness markers at the end of sentences to simply convey politeness. Men use ครับ [kʰráp] at the end, while women use ค่ะ [kʰâʔ] in narrative sentences and คะ [kʰáʔ] in interrogative sentences. These words don’t mean much more than ‘I am being polite to you’. Lao does not use these politeness particles.
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